Thì của động từ:

Thì
Cấu trúc
Dấu hiệu nhận biết
Ví dụ

1. Hiện tại đơn
a. to be
+/- S + am/ is/ are (not) + C
? (Wh) + is/ are + S + C ?
b. to do (động từ thường)
+ S + V/ Vs(es)………..
- S + don’t/ doesn’t + V(bare)
? (Wh) + do/ does + S + V(bare)?
- always/ usually/ sometimes/ often/seldom/ rarely/….
- every day/ week/….
- once/ twice/ 3 times a day/ week/ month/...
- in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/..
a. Mai is a good student.
Where are your friends?
b. We go to school in the morning.
He doesn’t work on Sundays.
How do you learn E.?

2. Hiện tại tiếp diễn
+/- S + am/ is/ are (not) + V-ing..
? (Wh) + is/ are + S + V-ing..?
- now; at the moment; at this time; at present;.
- Look! Listen! Over there/ be careful…
I am cooking a meal now
What is she doing over there?
*Không dùng với các động từ: be/ like/ love/ want/ know/ understand/ hope/ think/ wish/……

3.Hiện tại hoàn thành
+/ - S + have/ has + Vpp…
? (Wh) + have/ has + S + Vpp…?
- just/ already/ lately/..
- for/ since/ how long..
- Never..before / not…yet/ ever…yet?
Our teacher has already met our parents.
I haven’t used that machine yet.
How long has she learnt E.?

4. Quá khứ đơn
a. to be +/ - S + was/ were + C
? (Wh) + was/ were + S + C ?
b. to do : + S + V(past form)…
- S + didn’t + V(bare)…
? (Wh) + did + S + V(bare)…?
- yesterday/ last week/ month/ year/..
- ..ago/ …when….
a. I was 14 years old last year.
Where were you yesterday?
b. We went to school late last Sunday.
Who did she meet a week ago?

5. Quá khứ tiếp diễn
+/ - S + was/ were + V-ing…
? (Wh) + was/ were + S + V-ing..?
- at….yesterday/ from..to./ between..and…/while/ when/….
He was doing his homework when I came last night.
I was doing my homework while Nga was reading a new comic.

6. Tương lai đơn
+/- S + will/ shall + V(bare)…
? (Wh) + will/ shall + S + V(bare).?
- tomorrow/ next week/ month/ time/với MĐ sau hope/ promise...
Mai will do an E. test tomorrow
When will she come here?

7. Tương lai gần
+/- S + be +(not) + going to + V(bare)
? (Wh) + be + S +going to + V(bare)

I am going to visit my parents next Sunday.



Câu điều kiện và câu ước muốn
I. Câu điều kiện:
Loại
Mệnh đề chính
Mệnh đề if (phụ)
Ví dụ

I
S + will/ shall/ can/ may…(not) + V(bare)……….
S + V/Vs(es)…
S + don’t/ doesn’t + V(bare)
Be: am/ is/ are + (not)..
He can pass the exam if he is harder
If I have her address, I will come to see her next Sunday.

II
S + would/ could/ might…(not) + V(bare)…
S + V(past) ….
S + didn’t + V(bare)……
Be: were + (not)…
We would meet her today if I stayed at home.
If I were you, I wouldn’t do that .

II. Câu ước muốn:
Ước muốn cho hiện tại:
S1 + wish (es)+ S2 + V(quá khứ giả định) - He wishes his friend were with him now.
I wish I